HDPE
Manyan polyethylene mai yawa (HDPE) ko polyethylene high-yawa (HDPE) Ne a polyethylene thermoplastik anyi daga mai. Wani lokaci ana kiransa "alkathene" ko "polythene" lokacin amfani dashi don bututu. Tare da babban ƙarfi-zuwa-yawa rabo, ana amfani da HDPE a cikin samar da kwalabe filastik, bututun da zai iya jurewa, geomembranes, da katako mai filastik. HDPE galibi ana sake yin amfani da ita, kuma tana da lamba “2” a matsayin lambar gano resin (wanda aka fi sani da alamar sake amfani da shi).
A cikin 2007, kasuwar HDPE ta duniya ya kai fiye da tan miliyan 30.
Properties
HDPE sananne ne ga babban ƙarfinsa-zuwa-yawa. Karfin HDPE na iya kaiwa tsakanin 0.93 zuwa 0.97 g / cm3 ko 970 kg / m3. Kodayake yawancin HDPE ya fi na ƙananan ƙananan polyethylene ƙasa kaɗan, HDPE yana da ƙaramin reshe, yana ba shi ƙarfi da ƙarfi da ƙarfi tsakanin LDPE. Bambancin ƙarfi ya wuce banbancin yawa, yana ba HDPE ƙarfi mafi girma. Hakanan yana da wuya kuma mafi wahala kuma yana iya tsayayya da ɗan yanayin zafi mai ƙarfi (120 ° C / 248 ° F na ɗan gajeren lokaci, 110 ° C / 230 ° F ci gaba). High-density polyethylene, ba kamar polypropylene ba, ba zai iya tsayayya da yanayin da ake buƙata na sararin samaniya ba. Rashin tabbatar da reshe ana tabbatar dashi ta hanyar zabi mai dacewa na mai kara kuzari (misali, Ziegler-Natta catalysts) da yanayin halayen.
Aikace-aikace
HDPE yana da tsayayya ga sauran ƙarfi da yawa kuma yana da aikace-aikace da yawa:
- Gidan wanka
- 3-D filati firint
- Arena Board (kwamitin kwalliya)
- Fifen baya
- Faranti
- Banners
- Kwallan kwalba
- Jirgin da zai iya jurewa da sinadarai
- Coax kebul na insulator
- Kwantena na adana abinci
- Tankunan tankuna na motoci
- Rushewa kariya ga bututun karfe
- Hovercraft na sirri; kodayake yana da nauyi sosai don kyakkyawan aiki
- Kwalaye na lantarki da bututu
- Ruwan tabarau na Far-IR
- Falo kujeru da tebur
- Geomembrane don aikace-aikacen hydraulic (kamar canals da ƙarfafa banki) da kuma ƙunsar sinadarai
- Tsarin jigilar zafi na Geothermal
- Mortan murhu mai tsayayya da wuta
- * Lastarshe na takalma
- Tsarin gas mai rarraba gas
- Wutar wuta
- Filaye jaka
- Kwalabe filastik Zai dace duka don sake siyarwa (kamar jug na madara) ko sake amfani da shi
- Katako mai filastik
- Filastik tiyata (kwarangwal da gyaran fuska)
- Tushen Tushen
- Snowboard rails da kwalaye
- Takarda dutse
- Adana ɓoye
- Hanyoyin sadarwa
- Tyvek
- Ruwan bututu na ruwa don samar da ruwa na gida da ayyukan gona
- Abubuwan filastik filastik (amfani da kayan girke-girke polymers)
Ana kuma amfani da HDPE don tantanin ƙasa a cikin taken ƙasa mai ɗaukar ruwa mai santsi na D, a cikin manyan zanen gado na HDPE ana ɗayan su ne ko kuma a sanya su don samar da shingen da zai iya canzawa, tare da niyyar hana gurɓatar da ƙasa da ruwan karkashin ƙasa ta hanyar magudanar ruwa mai ƙarfi ɓata.
HDPE an fi sonta ta hanyar kasuwancin pyrotechnics don madafa akan ƙarfe ko bututun PVC, kasancewa mafi dorewa da aminci. HDPE yana jin daɗari ko yaga a cikin ɓarna maimakon rushewa kuma ya zama matattara kamar sauran kayan.
Jigilar madara da sauran kayan masarufi da aka ƙera ta busa ƙa'idar su ne mafi mahimmancin yanki na aikace-aikace don HDPE, lissafin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na samarwar duniya, ko fiye da tan miliyan 8. Baya ga sake yin fa'ida ta amfani da hanyoyin yau da kullun, HDPE kuma ana iya sarrafa shi ta hanyar sake amfani da shi zuwa filament na masu buga takardu 3-D ta hanyar sake amfani da su da aka rarraba. Akwai wasu shaidu da ke nuna cewa wannan nau'ikan sake amfani ba shi da karfi sosai fiye da sake amfani da shi na yau da kullun, wanda zai iya kunshi babban makamashi mai dauke da shi don safara.
Fiye da duka, China, inda aka fara shigo da kwalaban giya da aka yi daga HDPE a shekara ta 2005, babbar kasuwa ce ta kwalliyar kwalliyar HDPE, sakamakon inganta rayuwarta. A Indiya da sauran ƙasashe masu yawan gaske, ƙasashe masu tasowa, faɗaɗa kayan more rayuwa ya haɗa da tura bututu da kebul na kerawa daga HDPE. Abubuwan sun fa'idantu daga tattaunawa game da yiwuwar matsalar lafiya da muhalli da PVC da Polycarbonate hade da Bisphenol A suka haifar, da kuma fa'idodi akan gilashi, ƙarfe, da kwali.